Akụkọ Ụlọ Ọrụ
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Kedu ihe a na-eji HDPE eme?
A na-eji HDPE eme ihe na ngwaahịa na nkwakọ ngwaahịa dịka ite mmiri ara ehi, karama nhicha, ite margarine, akpa ihe mkpofu na paịpụ mmiri. N'ime tubes ndị dị ogologo dị iche iche, a na-eji HDPE dochie tubes mortgage nke kaadiboodu enyere maka ihe abụọ bụ isi. Nke mbụ, ọ dị nchebe karịa tubes katọn enyere n'ihi na ọ bụrụ na shei emebie ma gbawaa n'ime tube HDPE, tube ahụ agaghị agbawa. Ihe nke abụọ bụ na ha nwere ike iji ha eme ihe ọzọ, na-enye ndị na-emepụta ihe ohere ịmepụta ọtụtụ ihe e ji agba mot. Ndị na-ahụ maka Pyrotechnics anaghị ekwe ka a na-eji PVC tubing eme ihe na tubes motring n'ihi na ọ na-agbawa, na-eziga iberibe plastik n'ebe ndị nwere ike ikiri ya nọ, ọ gaghịkwa apụta na X-ray. -
Kaadị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ PLA ghọrọ ihe ngwọta na-adịgide adịgide a ma ama maka ụlọ ọrụ ego.
A chọrọ oke plastik iji mee kaadị ụlọ akụ kwa afọ, ebe nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na-arị elu, Thales, onye ndu na nchekwa teknụzụ dị elu, emepụtala ngwọta. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, kaadị ejiri 85% polylactic acid (PLA) mee, nke sitere na ọka; ụzọ ọhụrụ ọzọ bụ iji anụ ahụ sitere na ọrụ nhicha mmiri n'ụsọ oké osimiri site na mmekorita ya na otu gburugburu ebe obibi Parley for the Oceans. Mkpofu plastik a chịkọtara - "Ocean Plastic®" dị ka ihe eji emepụta kaadị ọhụrụ; enwerekwa nhọrọ maka kaadị PVC emegharịgharịrị emechara kpamkpam site na plastik mkpofu sitere na ụlọ ọrụ nkwakọ ngwaahịa na mbipụta iji belata ojiji nke plastik ọhụrụ. -
Nnyocha dị mkpirikpi nke data mbubata na mbupụ resin pvc nke China site na Jenụwarị ruo Juun.
Site na Jenụwarị ruo Juun 2022, mba m butere ngụkọta nke tọn 37,600 nke resin paste, mbelata nke 23% ma e jiri ya tụnyere otu oge ahụ n'afọ gara aga, ma na-ebupụ ngụkọta nke tọn 46,800 nke resin paste, mmụba nke 53.16% ma e jiri ya tụnyere otu oge ahụ n'afọ gara aga. N'ọkara mbụ nke afọ ahụ, ewezuga ụlọ ọrụ nke ọ bụla mechiri maka ndozi, ibu ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ resin paste dị n'ime ụlọ nọgidere n'ọkwa dị elu, ọkọnọ nke ngwongwo zuru oke, ahịa ahụ nọgidere na-ebelata. Ndị nrụpụta na-achọsi ike iwu mbupụ iji belata esemokwu ahịa ime obodo, ọnụ ọgụgụ mbupụ mụbara nke ukwuu. -
Kedu ka ị ga-esi mara ma plastik ọ bụ polypropylene?
Otu n'ime ụzọ kachasị mfe isi mee nnwale ire ọkụ bụ site n'ịbepụ ihe nlele sitere na plastik ahụ ma gbanye ya n'ime kabọd anwụrụ ọkụ. Agba nke ire ọkụ, isi ísì na njirimara nke ọkụ nwere ike inye ihe ngosi nke ụdị plastik: 1. Polyethylene (PE) - Mmiri na-agbapụta, na-esi isi dị ka kandụl; 2. Polypropylene (PP) - Mmiri na-agbapụta, na-esi isi nke mmanụ injin ruru unyi na ụda nke kandụl; 3. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, "Perspex") - Mmiri na-agbapụta, na-agbawa agbawa, isi ísì ụtọ; 4. Polyamide ma ọ bụ "Nylon" (PA) - Ọkụ na-agbawa agbawa, isi nke marigolds; 5. Acrylonitrilebutadienestyrene (ABS) - Ọ naghị apụta ìhè, ire ọkụ na-agbawa agbawa, isi nke marigolds; 6. Ụfụfụ Polyethylene (PE) - Mmiri na-agbapụta agbawa, isi nke kandụl -
Mars M Beans ewepụtala ngwugwu akwụkwọ PLA nke nwere ike ire ere na China.
Na 2022, Mars wepụtara chocolate M&M mbụ e ji akwụkwọ mejupụtara ya nke a na-ere ere na China. E ji ihe ndị a na-ere ere dịka akwụkwọ na PLA mee ya, nke na-anọchi nkwakọ ngwaahịa plastik dị nro n'oge gara aga. Nkwakọ ngwaahịa ahụ agafeela GB/T. Usoro mkpebi nke 19277.1 egosila na n'okpuru ọnọdụ mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ọ nwere ike imebi ihe karịrị 90% n'ime ọnwa isii, ọ ga-aghọkwa mmiri na-egbu egbu, carbon dioxide na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ihe ndị dị ndụ mgbe emebisịrị. -
Mbupụ PVC nke China ka dị elu n'ọkara mbụ nke afọ a.
Dịka ọnụọgụgụ ndị ọrụ kọstọm kachasị ọhụrụ si kwuo, na June 2022, olu ntụ ntụ PVC dị ọcha nke mba m na-ebubata bụ tọn 29,900, mmụba nke 35.47% site na ọnwa gara aga na mmụba nke 23.21% kwa afọ; na June 2022, olu mbupụ ntụ ntụ PVC dị ọcha nke mba m bụ tọn 223,500, Mbelata nke ọnwa kwa ọnwa bụ 16%, mmụba nke afọ kwa afọ bụ 72.50%. Olu mbupụ ahụ nọgidere na-enwe ọkwa dị elu, nke mere ka ọkọnọ dị ukwuu n'ahịa obodo belata ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ. -
Gịnị bụ Polypropylene (PP)?
Polypropylene (PP) bụ thermoplastic siri ike, siri ike, na kristal. E ji propene (ma ọ bụ propylene) monomer mee ya. Resin hydrocarbon a bụ polima kachasị mfe n'etiti plastik ngwaahịa niile. PP na-abịa dị ka homopolymer ma ọ bụ copolymer ma enwere ike ịkwalite ya nke ukwuu site na ihe mgbakwunye. Ọ na-achọta ọrụ na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, ụgbọ ala, ihe eji eme ihe n'ahịa, ọgwụ, ihe nkiri a kpụrụ akpụ, wdg. PP aghọwo ihe a na-ahọrọ, karịsịa mgbe ị na-achọ polima nwere ike dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, vs Polyamide) na ngwa injinia ma ọ bụ naanị ịchọ uru ọnụ ahịa na karama ịkpụzi ihe (vs. PET). -
Kedu ihe bụ Polyethylene (PE)?
Polyethylene (PE), nke a makwaara dị ka polythene ma ọ bụ polyethene, bụ otu n'ime plastik ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ụwa. Polyethylene na-enwekarị nhazi kwụ ọtọ ma a maara ha dị ka polymers agbakwunyere. Ihe mbụ e ji eme polymers sịntetik a bụ n'ime nkwakọ ngwaahịa. A na-ejikarị Polyethelyne eme akpa plastik, karama, ihe nkiri plastik, akpa, na geomembranes. A pụrụ ịmara na a na-emepụta ihe karịrị tọn 100 nde nke polyethene kwa afọ maka ebumnuche azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. -
Nyocha nke ọrụ nke ahịa mbupụ PVC nke obodo m na ọkara mbụ nke 2022.
N'ọkara mbụ nke afọ 2022, ahịa mbupụ PVC mụbara kwa afọ. Na nkeji mbụ, nke nsogbu akụ na ụba ụwa na ọrịa na-efe efe metụtara, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mbupụ n'ime obodo gosiri na ọchịchọ maka diski mpụga ebelatala. Agbanyeghị, kemgbe mmalite Mee, site na mmụba nke ọnọdụ ọrịa na usoro usoro gọọmentị China webatara iji gbaa ume mgbake akụ na ụba, ọnụego ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta PVC n'ime obodo adịla elu, ahịa mbupụ PVC amụbaala, ọchịchọ maka diski mpụga amụbaala. Ọnụọgụ ahụ na-egosi usoro uto ụfọdụ, arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ahịa ahụ akawanyela mma ma e jiri ya tụnyere oge gara aga. -
Kedu ihe eji PVC eme?
A na-eji polyvinyl chloride (PVC, ma ọ bụ vinyl) dị ọnụ ala ma dị iche iche eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụzọ n'ụlọ na owuwu, nlekọta ahụike, ngwa eletrọnịkị, ụgbọala na ngalaba ndị ọzọ, na ngwaahịa dịka paịpụ na siding, akpa ọbara na tubing, ruo na mkpuchi waya na eriri, ihe ndị mejupụtara sistemu windo na ihe ndị ọzọ. -
A ga-enyefe ọrụ mgbasawanye nke ethylene na refinery nke Hainan Refinery nke ruru nde tọn.
Ọrụ Hainan Refining and Chemical Ethylene na Ọrụ Mmegharị na Mgbasawanye Refining dị na Mpaghara Mmepe Akụnụba Yangpu, yana ntinye ego karịrị ijeri yuan 28. Ruo ugbu a, ọganihu owuwu dum erutela 98%. Mgbe emechara ọrụ ahụ ma tinye ya n'ọrụ mmepụta, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-eweta ihe karịrị ijeri yuan 100 nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'okpuru ala. A ga-eme Olefin Feedstock Diversification and High-end Downstream Forum na Sanya na Julaị 27-28. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ọhụrụ a, a ga-atụle mmepe nke nnukwu ọrụ dịka PDH, na mgbawa ethane, usoro ọdịnihu nke teknụzụ ọhụrụ dị ka mmanụ ala kpọmkwem na olefins, na ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke coal/methanol na olefins. -
MIT: Polylactic-glycolic acid copolymer microparticles na-emepụta ọgwụ mgbochi "na-eme ka onwe ya ka mma".
Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) kọrọ n'akwụkwọ akụkọ Science Advances na nso nso a na ha na-emepụta ọgwụ mgbochi nke na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịgbake otu ugboro. Mgbe a gbanyere ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ n'ime ahụ mmadụ, enwere ike ịhapụ ya ọtụtụ ugboro na-enweghị mkpa maka ọgwụ mgbochi mkpali. A na-atụ anya na a ga-eji ọgwụ mgbochi ọhụrụ a megide ọrịa dị iche iche site na measles ruo Covid-19. A kọrọ na ọgwụ mgbochi ọhụrụ a bụ nke sitere na ihe ndị dị na poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). PLGA bụ ihe na-emebi emebi nke na-adịghị egbu egbu ma nwee ezigbo ndakọrịta bio. A kwadoro ya maka iji ya na ihe ndị e tinyere n'ime ya, ihe e ji akwa ákwà, ihe ndozi, wdg.