Ojiji nke soda caustic gụnyere ọtụtụ ubi.

Enwere ike kewaa soda caustic ka ọ bụrụ flake soda, soda granular na soda siri ike dịka ụdị ya si dị. Ojiji nke soda caustic gụnyere ọtụtụ ubi, ihe na-esonụ bụ mmeghe zuru ezu maka gị:

1. mmanụ ala a nụchara anụcha.

Mgbe ejiri sulfuric acid sachaa, ngwaahịa mmanụ ala ka nwere ụfọdụ ihe acidic, nke a ga-eji mmiri sodium hydroxide sachaa wee jiri mmiri saa ya iji nweta ngwaahịa a nụchara anụcha.

2.ibipụta na agba

A na-eji ya eme ihe na agba indigo na akwa quinone. N'ime usoro agba agba nke vat, ngwọta caustic soda na sodium hydrosulfite kwesịrị iji belata ha na leuco acid, wee oxidized gaa na steeti insoluble mbụ na oxidants mgbe agbachachara.

Mgbe a na-eji ihe ngwọta nke soda na-edozi akwa owu, a ga-ewepụ ihe, griiz, starch na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ekpuchi n'elu akwa owu, ma n'otu oge ahụ, a na-amụba mercerized luster nke ákwà ahụ iji mee ka ịcha akwa ahụ dịkwuo n'otu. .

3. eriri akwa

1) Ederede

A na-eji ihe ngwọta sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) na-edozi akwa akwa na akwa akwa iji melite njirimara eriri. Ihe ndị mmadụ mere dị ka rayon, rayon, rayon, wdg, na-abụkarị eriri viscose. A na-eme ha nke cellulose (dị ka pulp), sodium hydroxide, na carbon disulfide (CS2) dị ka akụrụngwa iji mee mmiri viscose, nke a na-efesa, nke condensation mere.

2). Viscose eriri

Nke mbụ, jiri 18-20% caustic soda ngwọta mee ka cellulose mee ka ọ ghọọ alkali cellulose, wee kpoo ma kpoo alkali cellulose, tinye carbon disulfide, n'ikpeazụkwa igbari sulfony na dilute lye iji nweta viscose . Mgbe nzacha na vacuum (wepụ ikuku afụ), enwere ike iji ya mee ntụgharị.

4. Ime akwụkwọ

Ihe eji eme akwụkwọ bụ osisi ma ọ bụ ahịhịa ahịhịa, nke nwere nnukwu ego nke na-abụghị cellulose (lignin, gum, wdg) na mgbakwunye na cellulose. A na-eji sodium hydroxide mee ihe maka ịkatọ, na naanị mgbe a na-ewepụ lignin n'ime osisi ka enwere ike nweta eriri. Enwere ike ịgbaze ma kewapụ ihe ndị na-abụghị cellulose site n'ịgbakwunye ngwọta sodium hydroxide dilute, nke mere na pulp na cellulose dị ka isi ihe nwere ike nweta.

5. Meziwanye ala na wayo.

N'ime ala, ihu igwe nke mineral nwekwara ike ịmepụta acids n'ihi nguzobe nke organic acid ka ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emebi. Na mgbakwunye, iji fatịlaịza inorganic dị ka ammonium sulfate na ammonium chloride ga-emekwa ka ala dị acidic. Itinye lime kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike ime ka ihe ndị dị acidic dị n'ime ala kwụsị, na-eme ka ala dị mma maka uto ihe ọkụkụ na ịkwalite mmepụta nke microorganisms. Mmụba nke Ca2 + na ala nwere ike ịkwalite coagulation nke ala colloids, nke na-eme ka e guzobe nchịkọta, ma n'otu oge ahụ nwere ike inye calcium dị mkpa maka uto osisi.

6. Chemical ụlọ ọrụ na chemical reagents.

N'ime ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, a na-eji soda caustic eme ọla sodium na mmiri electrolying. A na-eji soda caustic ma ọ bụ soda ash na-emepụta ọtụtụ nnu inorganic, karịsịa na nkwadebe nke ụfọdụ nnu sodium (dị ka borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, wdg). A na-ejikwa soda caustic ma ọ bụ soda ash na njikọ nke e ji esiji ákwà, ọgwụ na organic intermediates.

7. rọba, akpụkpọ anụ

1). Silica gbara mmiri

Nke mbụ: mee iko mmiri (Na2O.mSO2) site n'imeghachi sodium hydroxide na quartz ore (SiO2)

Nke abụọ: meghachi omume iko mmiri na sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, na carbon dioxide iji mepụta ọcha carbon ojii (silicon dioxide).

Silica a kpọtụrụ aha n'ebe a bụ ihe kacha mma na-agba ume maka rọba eke na roba sịntetik

2). Imegharị roba ochie

N'imegharị roba ochie, a na-edozi ntụ ntụ rọba na ngwọta sodium hydroxide, wee hazie ya.

3). Akpụkpọ anụ

Tannery: usoro mweghachi nke mmiri na-ekpofu ahịhịa na-ekpo ọkụ, n'otu aka ahụ, n'etiti usoro abụọ nke sodium sulfide aqueous solution soaking treatment na ịgbakwunye ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ na usoro mgbasawanye dị ugbu a, a na-abawanye ojiji nke tari site na 0.3-0.5. % Usoro ọgwụgwọ sodium hydroxide 30% na-eme ka eriri akpụkpọ anụ gbasaa nke ọma, na-emezu usoro a chọrọ, ma na-emeziwanye ogo nke ngwaahịa emechachara.

8. metallurgy, electroplating

N'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ígwè, ọ na-adịkarị mkpa ịgbanwe ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ime igwe ka ọ bụrụ nnu sodium soluble iji wepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị edozi ahụ. Ya mere, ọ na-adị mkpa ka ịtinye ntụ ntụ soda (ọ bụkwa mmiri mmiri), mgbe ụfọdụ a na-ejikwa soda caustic.

9.akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ọrụ

1). Enwere ọrụ abụọ nke seramiiki caustic soda n'imepụta ceramik. Nke mbụ, a na-eji soda caustic mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọkụ na-agba ọkụ nke ceramik. Nke abụọ, a ga-akpụcha elu elu ceramik ma ọ bụ nke siri ike. Jiri mmiri soda sachaa ya N'ikpeazụ, mee ka elu seramiiki dịkwuo mma.

2). Na ụlọ ọrụ ngwá ọrụ, a na-eji ya dị ka acid neutralizer, decolorizer na deodorizer. A na-eji ụlọ ọrụ nrapado mee ihe dị ka starch gelatinizer na neutralizer. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka peeling, onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na onye na-emepụta ihe nke citrus, peach, wdg.