Mmepụta nke Caustic Soda.

Caustic soda(NaOH) bụ otu n'ime ngwaahịa nri kemịkalụ kachasị mkpa, yana mkpokọta mmepụta kwa afọ nke 106t. A na-eji NaOH eme ihe na kemịkalụ organic, na mmepụta nke aluminom, na ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ, na ụlọ ọrụ nhazi nri, na-emepụta ihe na-edozi ihe, wdg Caustic soda bụ ihe jikọrọ ya na mmepụta nke chlorine, 97% nke na-ewe. ebe site na electrolysis nke sodium chloride.

Caustic soda nwere mmetụta ike ike na ọtụtụ ihe ọla, karịsịa na okpomọkụ dị elu na ntinye uche. Otú ọ dị, a marala ya ruo ogologo oge, na nickel na-egosipụta ezigbo nguzogide corrosion na soda caustic na mkpokọta na okpomọkụ niile, dị ka eserese 1 na-egosi. Na mgbakwunye, ewezuga n'ọkwa dị elu na oke okpomọkụ, nickel anaghị egbochi mgbawa nrụgide-corrosion na-akpata. Ya mere, a na-eji akara akara nickel alloy 200 (EN 2.4066 / UNS N02200) na alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N02201) na ọkwa ndị a nke mmepụta soda caustic, nke chọrọ nguzogide corrosion kacha elu. The cathodes na electrolysis cell eji na akpụkpọ ahụ usoro na-mere nke nickel Ibé akwụkwọ nakwa. A na-ejikwa nickel mee ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ala maka itinye uche na mmanya ahụ. Ha na-arụ ọrụ dabere na ụkpụrụ evaporation nke multi-stage na-ejikarị ihe nkiri na-ada ada. N'ime nkeji ndị a, a na-eji nickel mee ihe n'ụdị tubes ma ọ bụ mpempe akwụkwọ tube maka ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, dị ka mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ efere mkpuchi maka nkeji ikuku, na ọkpọkọ maka ibufe ngwọta soda caustic. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-asọ asọ, kristal caustic soda (ngwọta supersaturated) nwere ike ime ka mbuze na tubes na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-eme ka ọ dị mkpa iji dochie ha mgbe oge ọrụ nke afọ 2-5 gasịrị. A na-eji usoro ikuku evaporator nke na-ada ada na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. N'ime usoro ihe nkiri na-ada ada nke Bertrams mepụtara, nnu a wụrụ awụ na okpomọkụ dị ihe dị ka Celsius 400 ka a na-eji dị ka ihe ọkụ ọkụ. N'ebe a, ekwesịrị iji tubes nke obere carbon nickel alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N02201) mee ihe n'ihi na na okpomọkụ dị elu karịa ihe dịka 315 Celsius C (600 ° F) ọdịnaya carbon dị elu nke ọkọlọtọ nickel alloy 200 (EN 2.4066 / UNS N02200) ) nwere ike iduga ọdịda graphite na oke ọka.

Nickel bụ ihe a na-ahọrọ maka ihe owuwu maka ndị na-ekpo ọkụ soda ebe a na-apụghị iji ígwè austenitic mee ihe. N'ebe ndị na-adịghị ọcha dị ka chlorates ma ọ bụ sulfur ogige - ma ọ bụ mgbe achọrọ ike dị elu - a na-eji ihe ndị nwere chromium dị ka alloy 600 L (EN 2.4817 / UNS N06600) mee ihe n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ihe kacha amasị maka gburugburu caustic bụ chromium dị elu nwere alloy 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033). Ọ bụrụ na a ga-eji ihe ndị a eme ihe, a ghaghị ijide n'aka na ọnọdụ ọrụ agaghị eme ka mgbawa nrụgide-corrosion.